Notable Lavxias teb sab Czars thiab Lawv Legacies

Czars yog lub monarchs ntawm Russia; lawv tau reigned rau centuries mus txog 1917 Lavxias teb sab Revolution. Cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam ua lawv lub cim rau hauv cheeb tsam nrog cov kev hloov kho thiab ua kev sib tw, ua cov tseem ceeb hauv lub tuam tsev tseem niaj hnub nim no, thiab muaj cov ntsiab lus zoo rau lawv txoj cai. Lawv legacies muab lub ntsiab lus rau kev nkag siab txog niaj hnub Russia.

Lo lus "czar" yog muab los ntawm lo lus Latin "Xixas," lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.

Txawm hais tias lus Lavxias muaj ib lo lus rau huab tais (korol), lub npe no yog siv rau Western monarchs. Yog li ntawd, "czar" muaj cov ntsiab lus me ntsis txawv dua "vaj ntxwv."

Ivan lub Terrible

Ivan lub Terrible yog ib tug hero medieval thiab ib tus yeeb ncuab sib tw ntawm cov Tatars, nws conquests tau shaken Teb chaws Europe rau centuries. Txawm tias lwm tus tau siv lub npe czar ua ntej Ivan lub Terrible, nws yog thawj tug tau raug tseev kom "Czar ntawm Tag nrho cov Russia." Nws reigned los ntawm 1533 mus 1584. Xav paub ntau tshaj formidable tshaj phem heev, qhov no czar yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm legends uas qhia ntawm nws txoj cai thiab fierceness.

Qhua rau Lavxias pom cov tim khawv ntawm Ivan lub Terrible lub reign ntawm liab Square thiab tsis pub dhau lub Kremlin phab ntsa. Ib ntawm Lavxias tus cim, St. Basil Cathedral , ua tau los ntawm Ivan lub Terrible kom commemorate nws ntes ntawm Kazan thiab Astrakhan, ob lub xeev Hmoob. Nyob rau hauv lub Kremlin phab ntsa, lub Annunciation Cathedral dhia Ivan lub phem lub cim: Lub tsev teev ntuj no muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb lub rooj zaum tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tub ceev xwm thaum nws raug txwv tsis pub nkag los tom qab nws yuav nws tus poj niam plaub.

Boris Godunov

Boris Godunov yog hu ua ib tug ntawm Russia lub loj tshaj czars. Nws tsis yog koob meej los ntawm yug, thiab yog li ntawd nws nce nyob rau hauv txheej xwm thiab lub hwj chim reflected nws coj thawj coj zoo thiab ambition. Godunov reigned li regent tom qab kev tuag ntawm Ivan lub Terrible ntawm 1587 rau 1598 thiab ces xaiv czar tom qab dhau ntawm Ivan tus tub thiab txais txiaj ntsig; nws kav los ntawm 1598 txog 1605.

Lub cev nqaij daim tawv ntawm Vajtswvunov txojkev kav yog qhov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub Kremlin lub Ivan The Great Tswb pej thuam . Nws yuam nws qhov siab kom tau nce thiab tsis muaj lwm cov vaj tse nyob rau hauv Moscow kom dhau nws. Godunov yog immortalized nyob rau hauv ib tug ua si los ntawm Alexander Pushkin thiab ib tug opera los ntawm Modest Mussorgsky.

Peter lub Great

Peter lub Great cov hom phiaj thiab kev hloov kho tau hloov cov chav kawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm. Qhov no Lavxias teb sab huab tais, uas yog tus tswj hwm ntawm tag nrho Russia ntawm 1696 txog 1725, teem raws li nws cov hauj lwm lub modernization thiab Westernization ntawm Russia. Nws ua St. Petersburg tawm ntawm swampland, tsim lub rooj ntawm ibyam rau civil servants, hloov Russia lub daim ntawv, tsim Russia tus rog thiab nthuav Russia tus ciam teb.

Tsoom fwv teb chaws Lavxias yog tsis muaj ntau, tab sis Peter lub Great lub neej nyob rau. Yog hais tias nws tsis rau Pyotr Velikiy, raws li nws paub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus, lub nroog loj ntawm St. Petersburg yuav tsis nyob ua ib ke. Russia lub "qhov rais mus rau sab hnub poob" raug xaiv lub peev los ntawm Peter lub Great, thiab kev coj noj coj ua thiab haiv neeg tau muaj nyob ntawd, zoo li nws tau nyob hauv Russia thawj lub nroog ntawm Moscow.

Cov qhua tuaj rau St. Petersburg tseem tuaj yeem pom ib tus Petus qhov khoom loj tshaj plaws hauv Palatial, Peterhof . Cov kev zoo nkauj ntawm no palace rivals muaj nyob rau hauv Western Europe. Nws attracts droves ntawm qhua txhua lub caij ntuj sov uas marvel nyob rau hauv nws cov chaw kub thiab hauv interiors nplua nuj nrog khoom kim heev.

Catherine lub Great

Catherine lub Great yog ib lub npe nrov tshaj plaws hauv Lavxias teb sab, tab sis nws tsis yog Lavxias teb sab. Yug hauv Prussia, Catherine sib yuav mus ua Lavxias teb sab royalty thiab staged ib tug coup mus overthrow nws tus txiv thiab noj tshaj lub reign ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman Lavxias teb sab. Thaum nws txoj cai los ntawm 1762 txog 1796, nws tau cog lus rau lub teb chaws Ottoman thiab nrhiav ntxiv kom paub meej dua Russia li nws yuav raug lees paub tias yog ib lub tseem ceeb hauv European loj.

Catherine coj tus kheej lub neej muaj kev lom zem, thiab nws lub koob npe nrov rau kev noj qab nyob zoo lov. Nws xaiv cov lus fav qee zaus ua raws li nws cov neeg pab tswv yim, qee zaum raws li nws kev ua si. Lawv tau them nyiaj rau lawv cov koom haum nrog nws thiab ua nto moo nyob rau hauv lawv txoj cai.

Ib qho ntawm Catherine tshaj tawm sab nrauv los rau hauv Peterland toj roob hauv pes yog Bronze Horseman pej thuam. Nws qhia txog Petus lub Great ntawm horseback thiab tuav lub ntsiab lus tshiab nrog Alexander Pushkin zaj paj huam ntawm tib lub npe.

Nicholas II

Nicholas II yog Russia tus kav thaus liv thiab huab tais. Lub taubhau ntawm Romanov tsev neeg, nws tau los ua daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau xyoo 1894 thiab tau txiav txim rau lub zwm txwv thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1917 nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm Bolsheviks, uas tau hla tsoom fwv hauv xyoo 1917. Nws thiab nws tsev neeg ze - nws tus poj niam, plaub tus ntxhais thiab nws tus tub - raug thauj mus rau Yekaterinburg, uas lawv raug tua nyob rau hauv Lub Xya Hli Ntuj xyoo 1918.

Nicholas II yog hu ua ib tug neeg tsis muaj zog thiab ib leej twg grudgingly ascended lub rooj huas tias. Ntau tus thiab nce siab tsis sib haum ntawm nws cov kawm ua ntej nws raug ntes ua rau nws tsis paub. Nws tus poj niam, Alexandra, German tus ntxhais huabtais thiab kuj yog granddaughter ntawm Britain tus huab tais Victoria, yog unpopular zoo li; nws acclimated tsis zoo rau Russia thiab yog qhov kev kawm ntawm cov xaiv hais tias nws yog ib tug neeg soj xyuas rau lub teb chaws Yelemees. Thaum Rasputin, ib tus mystic, insinuated nws tus kheej mus rau hauv Nicholas thiab Alexandra lub neej, lub vaj ntxwv ob peb raug kev nyuaj siab tawm tsam kev thuam.

Kev tua neeg ntawm Nicholas II thiab nws tsev neeg tau taw qhia qhov kawg ntawm Lavxias teb sab monarchy. Nyob rau hauv nrog Bolshevik Revolution, nws ushered nyob rau hauv ib tug tshiab era rau Russia, nyob ze lub teb chaws thiab lub ntiaj teb.