Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab culture , npe yog ib qho loj deal. Thiab, ntawm uas, loj. Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog cov menyuam npe, nws yuav pab tau kom paub tias cov neeg Hmoob feem ntau hais lawv cov menyuam li cas hauv lub caij nyoog niaj hnub no.
Lavxias Naming Cov Cai
Feem ntau cov neeg Lavxias muaj peb lub npe: ib lub npe, ib tus kwv, thiab nws lub npe. Thawj lub npe thiab lub xeem lub xeem (xeem) yog tus kheej piav qhia. Cov neeg zoo li cov neeg As Mes Lis Kas kab lis kev cai.
Qhov txawv yog qhov uas tsis yog nruab nrab lub npe , tus me nyuam tau txais ib lub npe uas nws hais txog nws tus txiv thawj lub npe ua lawv lub npe "nruab nrab".
Ua tibzoo saib cov npe ntawm Lavxias uas yog nto npe nrov Leo Tolstoy uas tau sau "Kev Tsov Rog thiab Kev Ncaj Ncees": Nws lub npe tag nrho yog Lev Nikolayevhich Tolstoy. Nws thawj lub npe yog Lev. Nws patronymic (los yog nruab nrab lub npe) yog Nikolayevhich. Thiab, nws lub xeem yog Tolstoy. Nws txiv lub npe yog Nikolai, li no lub npe nrab Nikolayevhich.
Nicknames
Lavxias nicknames, los yog diminutives, yog cov cias luv luv ntawm lub npe muab. Raws li kev tsis pom zoo rau cov ntaub ntawv uas siv rau hauv cov txheej xwm tsim, cov ntawv luv luv ntawm lub npe yog siv rau kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov neeg paub zoo, feem ntau yog cov txheeb ze, cov phooj ywg, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog. Cov ntaub ntawv luv tau tshwm sim hauv kev hais lus kom yooj yim raws li feem ntau cov npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov muaj cumbersome.
"Sasha" feem ntau yog lub npe menyuam yaus siv rau ib tus neeg uas nws lub npe yog Alexander (txiv neej) lossis Alexandra (poj niam).
Thaum lub npe hu ua "Sasha" yuav tsis qhia dab tsi tshwj tsis yog paub txog, lwm tus neeg ploj zuj zus tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev nyiam. Alexandra tej zaum yuav raug hu ua "Sashenka," uas txhais hais tias "me me Sasha," los ntawm nws niam nws txiv.
Raws li nyob rau hauv qhov ua piv txwv dhau los, hais txog Leo Tolstoy, nws cov npe ntawm nws lub npe kuj yog "Leva", "Lyova," los yog ntau dua, "Lyovushka," uas yog ntau tshaj ib tus hlub lub npe.
Tolstoy tau hu ua Leo hauv cov lus Askiv vojvoog vim yog tus txhais lus ntawm nws lub npe Lavxias teb sab lus Askiv. Hauv Lavxias Lev, txhais hais tias "tus tsov ntxhuav." Hauv Lus Askiv, tus txhais lus rau Leo yog qhov kev pom zoo rau tus neeg sau ntawv thaum nws pom zoo nws phau ntawv luam tawm rau cov ntawv nyeem Askiv vim Leo yog to taub Lus Askiv txhais tias "tsov ntxhuav."
Piv txwv ntawm Nicknames rau Poj niam lub npe "Maria"
Maria yog ib lub npe Lavxias muaj npe heev. Ua tibzoo saib ntau txoj hauv kev uas koj yuav hnov lossis pom lub npe raug siv thiab sib txawv.
| Maria | Tag nrho daim ntawv ntawm lub npe, ua haujlwm, kev sib raug zoo, neeg tsis paub |
|---|---|
| Masha | Daim ntawv luv luv, nruab nrab thiab siv cov kev sib raug zoo |
| Mashenka | Daim ntawv ntawm kev hlub |
| Mashunechka Mashunya Marusya | Cov ntaub ntawv sib tw, kev sib tw |
| Mashka | Vulgar, impolite tshwj tsis yog siv hauv tsev neeg, ntawm cov me nyuam, los yog cov phooj ywg |
Lwm yam kev sib piv Nickname
Siv ib qho piv txwv raws li pom nyob rau hauv Lavxias ntaub ntawv, Kev Ua Phem thiab Txhaum Cai los ntawm Fyodor Dostoyevsky, tus protagonist Raskolnikov thawj lub npe, Rodion, tshwm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no: Rodya, Rodenka, thiab Rodka. Nws tus viv ncaus, Avdotya, feem ntau hu ua "Dunya" thiab "Dunechka" thoob plaws hauv nov.
Lwm hom Lavxias npe thiab cov diminutives:
- Dima (rau Dmitri)
- Misha (rau Mikhail)
- Vova (rau Vladimir)
Diminutives rau ntau Nouns
Diminutives muaj peev xwm muab tau los ntawm ntau tus kheej nouns, ib yam nkaus thiab. Lo lus mamochka, diminutive ntawm leej niam , yuav siv tau los ntawm ib tug tub lossis tus ntxhais uas xav ua kom pom tus niam kev zoo thiab kev hlub. Sobachka , diminutive los ntawm lo lus sobaka (aub), qhia txog tus dev cuteness thiab smallness. Cov neeg hais lus Askiv yuav siv "doggy" los ua tib lub ntsiab lus.