Rau cov neeg nyiam nyob rau hauv archeology thiab palaeontology, nws muaj ntau ntxiv rau Tanzania tshaj nws cov spectacular game reserves thiab zoo nkauj ntug hiav txwv dej. Nyob rau ntawm txoj kev los ntawm Ngorongoro Kev Ua Si rau Serengeti National Park , Olduvai Gorge (lub npe hu ua Oldupai Gorge) yog arguably qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws paleoanthropological qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb, ua tsaug rau lub discovery ntawm ib tug series ntawm fossils uas sau cov evolution ntawm noob neej.
Cov neeg taug kev mus los ntawm thaj av ntawd tuaj yeem ua qhov chaw mus rau Olduvai nrog mus xyuas qhov mysterious Shifting Sands, volcanic ash dune uas txav ntawm hiav txwv ntawm tus nqi ntawm kwv yees li ntawm 55 feet / 17 meters txhua xyoo.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Olduvai
Nyob rau xyoo 1930, archaeologists Louis thiab Mary Leakey tau pib ua cov haujlwm loj heev hauv Olduvai Gorge tom qab saib hominid fossils uncovered muaj qee xyoo ua ntej los ntawm German archaeologist Hans Reck. Tshaj li ntawm tsib lub xyoos dhau los, Cov Lees ua tau ntau qhov kev pom zoo uas hloov lub ntiaj teb qhov kev nkag siab ntawm qhov chaw uas peb tuaj ntawm, thaum kawg ua rau kev txiav txim siab tias tib neeg tsuas yog los ntawm Africa xwb. Nrad qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov discoveries yog Nutcracker txiv neej, lub npe muab rau qhov seem ntawm ib tug Paranthropus boisei txiv neej kwv yees yuav 1.75 lab xyoo.
Lub Leak kuj tau pom thawj cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm lwm hom kabmob hominid, Homo habilis ; raws li zoo li ib qho khoom muaj nqis trove ntawm cov tsiaj pob txha thiab cov tib neeg thaum ub cov khoom tawg.
Hauv xyoo 1976, Mary Leakey kuj nrhiav tau ib hom kab mob hominid ntawm Laetoli, ib qhov chaw nyob ib ntus ntawm 45 mais / 28 mais sab qab teb ntawm lub hiav txwv. Cov hneev taw, khaws cia rau hauv cov hmoov tshauv thiab ntseeg tau tias peb cov poj koob yawm txwv Australopithecus fourensis , tau pom tias cov hominid cov tsiaj tau taug kev ntawm ob txhais ceg thaum lub sijhawm Pliocene, qee feem ntau 3.7 lab xyoo dhau los.
Thaum lub sijhawm tshawb nrhiav, qhov no yog qhov piv txwv ntawm hominid bi-pedalism.
Mus ncig xyuas Olduvai Gorge
Niaj hnub no, cov chaw ua haujlwm Leekeys 'tseem ua hauj lwm, thiab archaeologists los ntawm thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb tseem mus chip tawm ntawm cov mysteries puag ncig peb tus kheej lub hauv paus pib. Cov neeg tuaj ncig xyuas rau hauv Olduvai cheeb tsam tuaj yeem pom cov chaw no rau lawv tus kheej hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm ib daim ntawv qhia kev ua haujlwm. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub roob, muaj ib lub tsev cia puav pheej, uas tau pom nyob hauv xyoo 1970s los ntawm Mary Leakey thiab kho dua tshiab rau xyoo 1990 los ntawm ib pab neeg los ntawm Getty Museum. Txawm hais tias me me, lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog cuaj kaum tsis txaus ntseeg, nrog rau ntau chav chav rau kev piav txog lub tsev kawm ntawv cov paleoanthropological.
Ntawm no, koj yuav pom ib phau ntawm hominid thiab faunal fossils, nrog rau cov cuab yeej cuab tam tam sim no hu ua Oldowan (ib lub sij hawm uas txhais tau tias 'los ntawm Olduvai Gorge'). Cov cuabyam no sawv cev rau qhov kev lagluam uas paub ntxov tshaj plaws hauv peb cov poj koob yawg koob keeb kwm. Yuav kom khaws tau tus qauv, feem ntau ntawm cov pob txha ntawm cov zaub yog cov nqes, nrog rau cov neeg laus cov hlab ntsha thaum ntxov. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb muaj xws li pov thawj loj loj ntawm Laetoli Footprints, nrog rau ntau cov duab ntawm Leakey tsev neeg ua haujlwm ntawm thawj qhov chaw tshawb nrhiav.
Olduvai Gorge yog tam sim no officially xa mus rau lub pas dej ntawm Oldupai, tom kawg yog qhov tseeb ntawm Maasai lo lus rau sab hauv qoob loo cov tsiaj qus.
Mus saib cov Shifting Sands
Cov neeg xav ua ib hnub ntawm nws yuav tsum xav txog sab qaum teb ntawm Olduvai Gorge mus rau Shifting Sands. Ntawm no, zoo li ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm cov nplua dub me me txav ntawm lub tiaj li ntawm 55 feet / 17 meters ntawm ib xyoo nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm cheeb tsam lub cua daj cua dub. Maasai ntseeg tias tshauv yog los ntawm Ol Doinyo Lengai roob, lub chaw dawb ceev uas nws lub npe txhais ua lus Askiv hu ua Mountain View ntawm Vajtswv. Nyob rau ib hnub ntshiab, qhov xwm txheej zoo li lub pob zeb no tau pom nyob ntawm qhov chaw deb ntawm Olduvai Gorge.
Thaum ncav lub tiaj, lub volcanic tshauv tswm, khaws ib ncig ntawm ib lub pob zeb thiab tom qab ntawd ces cia li mus ua ib tus kab zauv spectacularly symmetrical nws yog hnub no.
Cov xuab zeb yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv hlau thiab heev magnetized, yog li ntawd nws sticks rau nws tus kheej thaum muab pov tseg nyob rau hauv cov huab cua - ib tug phenomenon uas ua rau interter photographic lub sij hawm. Lub dune yuav nyuaj rau nrhiav tau vim nws txawb xwm, thiab feem ntau txoj kev taug mus kom tau muaj kev tawm kev tsav tsheb. Vim li ntawd, nws tau pom zoo kom mus nrog cov kev qhia hauv zos thiab / los yog tus tsav tsheb. Ntawm txoj kev, tsis txhob hnov qab ceev qhov muag tawm rau qhov kev ua si dawb.