Lub pohutukawa (botanical name Metrosideros excelsa) yog New Zealand qhov zoo tshaj plaws-paub thiab feem ntau pom tsob ntoo. Nws yog pom zoo nyob txhua qhov chaw raws ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm sab qaum teb ntawm North Island, sab qaum teb ntawm txoj kab ze ntawm Gisborne mus rau New Plymouth thiab hauv qhov chaw nyob ze Rotorua, Wellington thiab sab saum toj ntawm South Island. Nws kuj tau nkag tau rau hauv seem ntawm teb chaws Australia, South Africa, thiab California.
A Versatile Tsob Ntoo
Tsob ntoo muaj peev xwm tuav rawv cliffs thiab hillsides thiab loj hlob nyob rau lwm qhov chaw seemingly tsis zoo (muaj txawm tias yog ib lub koog ntoo ntawm pohutukawa ntoo nyob rau sab nraum lub roob hluav taws kob ntawm Dawb Island hauv Bay ntawm Plenty). Nws yog zoo ib yam li lwm lub tebchaws tshiab hauv Zag-Ze.
Txhais los ntawm Maori, pohutukawa txhais tias "sprinkled los tsuag", uas yog ib qho cuab yeej siv rau qhov tseeb tias nws feem ntau pom nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv.
Ntxiv nrog rau qhov chaw txais tos rau beachgoers nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov New Zealand, qhov cub tawg ntawm cov paj xyoob paj nws ua tawm ntawm lub Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj mus rau Lub Ib Hlis tau muab lub pohutukawa daim ntawv lo "New Zealand Christmas Tree". Yeej, rau tiam ntawm kiwis, flowering pohutukawa yog ib qho ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm Christmas lub caij so. Muaj nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb ob peb ntau yam ntawm pohutukawa, ua ib tug ntau ntawm cov pob paj dawb, los ntawm scarlet rau peach.
Tsob ntoo tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau nws txoj kev flowering; ntau qhov chaw ntawm tib tsob ntoo tej zaum yuav paj ntawm me ntsis txawv lub sij hawm.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los lub pohutukawa tau nyob rau hauv kev hem thawj ntawm predators, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub possum. Tus tsiaj no tau siv los ntawm lub teb chaws Australia thib kaum cuaj xyoo thiab tau ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau New Zealand forests.
Raws li nws ua nrog rau lwm yam ntoo, qhov av tau txav ntawm nplooj ntawm pohutukawa, stripping nws liab qab. Cov kev siv dag zog yog tab tom yuav txo cov neeg muaj pes tsawg tus, tiam sis lawv tseem nyob tas mus li.
Lub Ntiaj Teb Tus Tsiaj Thoob Ntoo Pohutukawa
Ntawm Te Araroa nyob sab ntug dej sab hnub tuaj ntawm North Island, dhau 170km ntawm Gisborne, yog ib qho tshwj xeeb pohutukawa. Nws yog qhov loj tshaj plaws pohutukawa ntoo nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb. Nws stands ntau tshaj 21 metres siab thiab nyob rau hauv nws widest taw tes yog 40 meters nyob rau hauv lub cheeb. Tsob ntoo hu ua "Te-Waha-O-Rerekohu" los ntawm lub zos Maori thiab kwv yees li 350 xyoo. Lub npe los ntawm lub npe ntawm ib tus thawj coj, Rerekohu, uas nyob hauv cheeb tsam no.
Qhov pohutukawa no yog nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ze, ze rau ntawm ntug hiav txwv ntawm lub nroog. Nws yog pom ntawm txoj kev thiab yog "yuav tsum pom" rau ncig ncig lub Sab Hnub Tuaj Dhau ntawm Opotiki mus rau Gisborne . Nws tseem yog tsis deb ntawm East Cape saib xyuas thiab lighthouse, uas zaum ntawm qhov chaw tshaj tawm easterly hauv New Zealand.
Tej zaum qhov zoo tshaj plaws-paub pohutukawa tsob ntoo nyob rau hauv New Zealand yog nyob rau ntawm ntug hiav txwv ntawm lub teb chaws txoj kev qaum teb, Cape Reinga . Qhov chaw no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm sab ntsuj plig tseem ceeb rau cov neeg Maori. Paub hais tias "qhov chaw ntawm leaping", qhov no yog, raws li Maori kev ntseeg, qhov chaw nyob ntawm kev tuag tus ntsuj plig pib nws txoj kev mus rau Hawaiki, lawv cov tsoos teb.
Lub pohutukawa tsis pom ntau sab nraum New Zealand. Interestingly, txawm li cas los, ib tsob ntoo pohutukawa yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm qee qhov kev tsis sib haum uas pom tias Captain Cook yuav tsis yog thawj European tau tsaws hauv New Zealand. Nyob rau hauv La Corunna , ib lub hiav txwv lub nroog nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb hnub poob ntawm Spain, muaj cov loj pohutukawa uas cov pej xeem ntseeg ntseeg tias ze li ntawm 500 xyoo. Yog tias qhov no yog qhov tseeb nws tau cog lus rau Cook hauv New Zealand thaum xyoo 1769. Lwm tus kws kho mob ntseeg hais tias tsob ntoo tsuas yog 200 xyoo xwb. Xijpeem nws lub hnub nyoog, tsob ntoo muaj, qhov tseeb, ua lub nroog lub paj emblem.
Txhua qhov chaw koj mus rau Sab Qaum Teb Sab Qaum Teb, cov pohutukawa yog ib lub zog thiab txawv txav ntawm cov tebchaws New Zealand. Thiab yog hais tias koj nyob nraum ntawm no Christmas koj yuav pom nws cov paj zoo.