Piv txwv rau devi rau kev xyaum ntawm Shi'a Islam, al-Azhar mosque yuav luag laus li Cairo nws tus kheej. Nws yog commissioned hauv 970 los ntawm Fatimid Caliph al-Mu'izz, thiab yog thawj lub zos ntawm ntau mosques. Raws li tus Palim siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv teb chaws Iyiv, nws keeb kwm tseem ceeb yog immeasurable. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thoob ntiaj teb raws li ib qho chaw ntawm txoj kev kawm Islamic thiab yog lub npe ntawm Al-Azhar University zoo heev.
Cov Keeb kwm ntawm lub Mosque
Nyob rau hauv 969, Tim lyiv teb chaws tau tuav ntawm General Jawhar li-Siqili, ua raws li cov lus txib ntawm Fatimid Caliph al-Mu'izz. Al-Mu'izz tau ua nws lub tebchaws tshiab los ntawm kev tsim lub nroog uas nws lub npe txhais ua "al-Mu'izz's Victory". Lub nroog no yuav muaj ib hnub ua lub npe hu ua Cairo. Ib xyoos tom qab, al-Mu'izz tau txiav txim siab ua kev tsim kho ntawm lub nroog thawj lub mosque - al-Azhar. Ua tiav hauv ob xyoos xwb, lub mosque xub qhib rau kev thov Vajtswv hauv 972.
Nyob rau hauv Arabic, lub npe Al-Azhar txhais tau hais tias "mosque ntawm lub feem ntau resplendent". Lus dab neeg muaj nws tias no poetic moniker tsis yog ib tug allusion rau kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub mosque nws tus kheej, tab sis mus Fatimah, tus ntxhais ntawm tus yawm saub Muhammad. Fatimah tau paub los ntawm epithet "az-Zahra", lub ntsiab lus "qhov shining los yog resplendent ib tug". Txawm hais tias qhov kev xav no tsis tau hloov, nws yog plausible - tom qab tag nrho, Caliph al-Mu'izz thov Fatimah ua ib tug ntawm nws cov ancestors. I do not know
Nyob rau hauv 989, lub mosque tsa 35 kws tshawb fawb, leej twg coj nyob ze ntawm lawv qhov chaw ua hauj lwm tshiab.
Lawv lub hom phiaj yog mus tshaj tawm cov lus qhia txog Shi'a, thiab dhau sijhawm, lub mosque tau los ua ib lub tsev kawm ntawv uas muaj kev kawm zoo. Npe nrov thoob plaws hauv lub teb chaws Asmeskas teb chaws Ottoman, cov tub ntxhais kawm tau tawm ntawm thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb los kawm Al-Azhar. Niaj hnub no, nws yog tus thib ob laus tshaj plaws khiav hauv tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb thiab tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov chaw pabcuam ntiav ntawm Islamic scholarship.
Mosque hnub no
Lub mosque tau txais nws cov xwm txheej raws li ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ywj siab nyob rau hauv xyoo 1961, thiab tam sim no qhia cov txheej txheem niaj hnub xws li tshuaj thiab kev tshawb fawb nrog rau kev tshawb fawb kev ntseeg. Interestingly, thaum tus thawj Fatimid Caliphate ua Al-Azhar ua lub tuam tsev pe hawm Shi'a, nws tau ua rau lub ntiaj teb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau Sunni Vajluskub thiab txoj cai. Cov chav kawm tam sim no tau qhia nyob rau hauv cov tuam tsev uas tau ua nyob ib ncig ntawm lub mosque, tawm Al-Azhar nws tus kheej mus rau kev thov Vajtswv tsis tu ncua.
Tshaj dhau lub xyoo txhiab xyoo, Al-Azhar tau pom ntau qhov kev tsim, kev kho dua tshiab, thiab kev rov qab kho dua tshiab. Lub txiaj ntsim niaj hnub no yog ib tug nplua nuj tapestry ntawm ntau hom uas ua ke qhia txog cov evolution ntawm architecture nyob rau tim lyiv teb chaws. Muaj ntau lub ntiaj teb feem ntau influential lawv civilizations tau tshuav lawv kos thaum lub mosque. Tsib tsib minarets, piv txwv li, yog kev sib tw ntawm cov sib txawv sib txawv xws li cov neeg ntawm Mamluk Sultanate thiab Ottoman Empire.
Tus minaret yuavtsum yog ploj mus, ib tug fate sib koom los ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov mosque qub architecture tshwj tsis yog rau arcades thiab ib co ntawm ornate stucco kho kom zoo nkauj. Hnub no, lub mosque tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li 6 qhov chaw nkag. Cov qhua nkag los ntawm Barber lub rooj vag, uas yog 18th-century ntxiv thiaj li hu ua vim cov menyuam kawm ntawv tau raug shaved qab nws qhov chaw.
Lub qhov rooj qhib tawm mus rau hauv lub tshav dawb pob zeb, uas yog ib qho ntawm qhov qub tshaj plaws ntawm lub mosque.
Ntawm lub tshav puam, peb lub mosque cov minarets pom. Cov no tau ua nyob rau hauv qib 14, 15 thiab 16th centuries. Cov neeg tuaj saib raug tso cai nkag mus rau hauv cov tsev hais plaub uas nyob ib puag ncig, uas yog lub tsev mus rau ib qho chaw mos zoo heev, lub semi-ncig niche carved mus rau hauv lub phab ntsa ntawm txhua txhua mosque thiaj li qhia cov kev taw qhia ntawm Mecca. Ntau ntawm cov mosque kaw rau tourists, nrog rau nws cov tsev qiv ntawv zoo kawg nkaus, uas nyob hauv tsev ntau qhov chaw yos rov qab rau xyoo pua 8.
Ntaub Ntawv Qhia
Al-Azhar Mosque nyob hauv plawv ntawm Islamic Cairo, nyob hauv El-Darb El-Ahmar koog tsev kawm ntawv. Nkag pub dawb, thiab lub mosque tseem qhib rau hnub ntawd. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev saib taus txhua lub sijhawm hauv lub mosque.
Cov poj niam yuav tsum hnav tej khaub ncaws uas npog lawv ob txhais caj npab thiab ob txhais ceg, thiab yuav tsum tau hnav ib txoj phuam los yog daim ntaub thaiv saum lawv cov plaub hau. Cov neeg tuaj pw ntawm ob leeg yuav tau tshem lawv cov khau ua ntej nkag mus. Cia siab rau ntxias cov txiv neej saib tom qab koj nkawm khau thaum koj rov qab los.
NB: Thov faj seeb tias cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no yog tseeb thaum lub sijhawm sau ntawv, tab sis nws yuav hloov thaum twg los tau.