Sudwala Qhov tsua, South Africa: Daim Ntawv Qhia Tag Nrho

Sab qab teb teb chaws Asmeskas muaj ntau yam zoo kawg nkaus, thiab rau cov qhua mus rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub teb chaws, cov Sudwala Qhov tsua yog cov zoo tshaj plaws. Carved tawm ntawm Precambrian pob zeb dhau 240 lab xyoo dhau los, lub qhov tsua txawm ntseeg tau tias yog ib yam ntawm cov hlob hauv ntiaj teb. Nws nyob ib 30 feeb tsav ntawm lub nroog Nelspruit, thiab tau txais ib lub koob npe nrov ua ib qho ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi tuaj hauv tebchaws Mpumalanga.

Cas lub qhov tsua yog tsim

Lub qhov tsua ntawm Sudwala tau muab khawb ntawm Malmani Dolomite Ridge, uas yog ib qho ntawm ntu nrov Drakensberg escarpment. Ridge nws tus kheej rov qab mus rau lub sijhawm ntxov ntawm lub ntiaj teb zaj keeb kwm - lub sijhawm Precambrian. Qhov no ua rau pob zeb uas ncig lub qhov tsua li 3,000 lab xyoo; txawm hais tias lub qhov tsua lawv tus kheej pib ua ntej tom qab (ib ncig ntawm 240 lab xyoo dhau los). Yuav ua rau cov ntsiab lus hauv lub ntsiab lus teb, lub qhov tsua txawm muaj hnub nyoog rov qab mus rau ib lub sijhawm thaum lub ntiaj teb muaj ob lub siab-ua rau Sudwala laus dua li Africa.

Lub qhov tsua txawm pom tias yog Karst topography, uas muab peb lub tswv yim raws li nws tau tsim. Ntau pua txhiab xyoo, carbon dioxide-nplua nuj nag dej lim los ntawm lub pob zeb ntxeem ntawm Malmani Dolomite Ridge, ua cov kua qaub rau nws txoj kev. Nws maj mam yaj lub calcium carbonate nyob rau hauv lub dolomite, sau nrog ntuj fissures thiab fractures thiab expanding lawv lub sij hawm.

Thaum kawg, cov weaknesses hauv lub pob zeb ua qhov tsua thiab caverns, uas thaum kawg sib txuas nrog ib leeg ua qhov system raws li peb paub nws hnub no. Pib, lub qhov tsua txawm puv ntawm dej, uas ntws los ntawm lub ceilings los tsim cov pob zeb zoo nkauj zoo li lub npe hu ua stalactites, stalagmites, kab thiab ncej.

Human History

Cov kev tshawb nrhav archaeological qhia tau tias cov Sudwala Qhov tsua tau nyob ib ntus los ntawm tus txiv neej prehistoric. Pob Zeb Hnub Caiv ntawm cov khoom ntawm tus nkag rau lub qhov tsua hnub ntawm kwv yees li 2.5 lab xyoo dhau los rau ob peb txhiab xyoo BC.

Tsis ntev los no, qhov tsua muab qhov chaw nkaum rau ib tug Swazi prince hu ua Somquba. Somquba raug yuam kom khiav tawm ntawm Swaziland nyob rau hauv qhov thib ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, tom qab ib qho kev sim ua tsis tau txeeb lub zwm txwv los ntawm nws tus nus Mswati. Txawm li cas los xij, tus thuam tus vajntxwv tseem raug coj mus coj nws cov txivneej hla ciam teb mus rau kev ua phem thiab nyiag tsiaj; thiab thaum nws rov qab mus rau South Africa, lub loot los ntawm cov forays yog khaws cia ntawm Sudwala. Somquba thiab nws cov tub rog kuj siv lub qhov tsua ua ib lub fortress, tej zaum vim nws cov dej ntau thiab qhov tseeb tias nws tau yooj yim heev los tiv thaiv.

Lub qhov tsua muaj npe tom qab Somquba tus thawj tswj hwm tus thawj coj thiab tus thawj coj, Sudwala, leej twg tau nquag ncaim ntawm lub fortress. Lus dab neeg hauv zos tau hais tias Sudwala tus dab kuj tseem haunts lub qhov tsua txawm hnub no. Qhov no tsis yog qhov xaiv lus uas nyob ib puag ncig lub qhov tsua. Thaum lub caij Tsov Rog Thib Ob, muaj kev kub nyhiab kub ntawm lub teb chaws Transvaal pov tseg thaum raug xa mus rau ib lub nroog hauv Mpumalanga rau kev ceev xwm txheej.

Muaj coob tus ntseeg tias qhov kub tau muab zais rau hauv cov Sudwala Qhov tsua-tab txawm coob tus tau sim nrhiav cov khoom muaj nqis tau kom tsis muaj tseeb.

Qhov tsua hnub no

Hauv xyoo 1965, lub qhov tsua raug muag los ntawm Philippus Rudolf Owen ntawm Pretoria, leej twg qhib lawv rau pej xeem. Niaj hnub no, cov neeg tuaj saib xyuas tau kawm txog lawv qhov chaw geological thiab keeb kwm ntawm tib neeg nyob rau ib qho kev mus ncig xyuas ib-teev, uas yuav siv koj 600 meters rau hauv lub qhov tsua thiab kwv yees li 150 meters hauv qab lub ntiaj teb daim av. Cov neeg taug kev muaj beautifully lit los ntawm cov teeb uas muaj xim uas tseem ceeb hauv cov qhov tsua 'feem ntau nthuav nta thiab formations. Tours tau teem tseg, nrog qhov siab tshaj ntawm 15 feeb thaum tuaj txog.

Qhov ntau tshaj tawm tuaj yeem xav sau npe rau Crystal Ncig Saib Xyuas, uas siv qhov chaw nyob rau thawj hnub Saturday ntawm txhua lub hli. Nws yuav siv koj 2,000 meters rau hauv qhov tob ntawm lub qhov tsua, mus rau ib lub phwj uas muaj ntau ntau phav tus aragonite muaju.

Nws tsis yog rau lub ntsej muag, tiam sis. Txoj kev lawv muaj feem xyuam ntawm kev sib zog ntawm cov dej tob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov duav thiab cov kev kho mob kom loj txaus mus nkag. Hnub nyoog thiab qhov hnyav hnyav, thiab qhov ncig xyuas yog qhov tsis zoo rau cov kab claustrophobics thiab cov neeg muaj teeb meem nraub qaum lossis hauv siab. Lub Ncua Ua Ncua Ua Si yuav tsum tau ntim ob peb lub lis piam ua ntej.

Tej yam yuav pom

Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm kev mus rau Sudwala Qhov tsua yog Amphitheatre, ib qho chaw zoo kawg nkaus nyob rau hauv plawv ntawm lub complex uas ntsuas 70 meters ntawm lub cheeb thiab nce mus txog 37 meters rau ib tug zoo nkauj tav tav. Lwm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb muaj xws li Samson lub Pillar, Screaming Monster thiab Rocket, tus laus tshaj plaws uas tau sau hnub nyoog ntawm 200 lab xyoo. Thaum koj dhia dhau ntawm qhov tsua, cia lub qhov muag tawm rau cov pob txha ntawm ib qho cog qoob loo genus hu ua Collenia. Cov ceilings kuj yog nyob hauv tsev mus rau ib pawg neeg ntawm 800 kab ntsig hnav phom.

Thaum tos koj ncig mus ncig xyuas, nco ntsoov xyuas seb cov khoom siv kos duab ua ntej ntawm tus tuaj nkag. Tom qab, txuas ntxiv mus rau koj qhov kev lom zem nrog rau kev mus saib ntawm Fish Fish Spa, los yog ncig xyuas txog ntawm Sudwala Dinosaur Park. Qhov no nrov attraction yog nyob rau hauv 100 meters deb thiab nta lub neej-qhov loj me ntawm cov tsiaj prehistoric thiab dinosaurs teev nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo nkauj ua teb lub vaj teb. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov liab thiab kab noog uas nyob hauv lub tiaj ua si, thaum pom cov neeg nyob hauv Nile crocodiles nquam paj nquam nruas lub qub tsiaj txhu.

Yuav Ua Li Cas Rau Lub Zos Ntawm Sudwala

Lub qhov tsua ntawm Sudwala yog nyob ntawm txoj kev R539, uas txuas rau lub ntsiab N4 ntawm kev sib tshuam mus rau sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb ntawm Nelspruit (lub peev ntawm xeev Mpumalanga). Nws yog lub caij luv luv 3.5 xuab moos los ntawm Kruger National Park, thiab ua rau qhov chaw nres tsheb zoo rau cov neeg ncig tebchaws taug kev los ntawm txoj kev mus rau Johannesburg. Cov qhov tsua qhib txhua hnub thaum 8:30 sawv ntxov txog 4:30 tsaus ntuj. Cov nqi yog raws li nram no:

R95 tauj ib tus neeg laus
R80 tauj ib tus neeg laus
R50 tauj ib tus menyuam (nyob rau hauv 16 xyoo)
Dawb rau cov menyuam yaus hauv 4 xyoos

Cov Ncig Saib Xyuas Siv Ua Kev Tshawb Fuam yog luv nqi ntawm R450 ib tus neeg, thiab yuav tsum tau tso nyiaj ua ntej ntawm R200. Yog tias koj xav mus ncig xyuas tab sis yuav tsis tuaj yeem nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm thawj hnub Saturday ntawm lub hli, nws tuaj yeem npaj kom tau ib qho kev ncig xyuas ntawm ib lub sijhawm uas koj xaiv rau pawg tsib los yog ntau dua.

Rau thaum pw ib sab, kev pom zoo rau cov kev pab muaj xws li Sudwala Lodge thiab Pierre Mountain Inn. Tus qub yog nyob ntawm lub qhov tsua tsib feeb, thiab muaj kev xaiv ntawm tsev neeg hauv chav tsev thiab nws tus kheej catering chalets teem nyob rau hauv ib lub vaj tsev zoo nkauj nrog lub pas dej da. Cov tom kawg muab 3-hnub qub chav suite thiab ib lub khw noj mov hauv kev taug kev ntawm cov qhov tsua.