Pulitzer Prize winning playwright August Wilson (lub Plaub Hlis 27, 1945 - Lub Kaum Hlis 2, 2005) yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws nyob hauv American theatre. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau nws lub voj voog ntawm 10 plays, feem ntau hu ua Pittsburgh Cycle vim hais tias tag nrho tab sis ib qho kev ua si yog teem rau hauv lub zos Pittsburgh thaum Lub Yim Hli Ntuj Wilson loj hlob. Hauv kev ua yeeb yam txog cov xwm txheej thiab kev xav ntawm African Asmeskas thaum txhua lub xyoo ntawm xyoo pua 20th.
Cov Ntxhais Thaum Ntxov:
Tus tub ntawm ib leej txiv dawb thiab ib tug niam txiv dub, August Wilson tau yug Frederick August August Kittel thaum lub Plaub Hlis 27, 1945 hauv Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Nws txiv, kuj hu ua Frederick August Kittle, yog ib tus neeg German thiab neeg ua mov ci thiab tau siv sijhawm nrog tsev neeg tsawg. Nws niam, Daisy Wilson, Lub Yim Hli thiab nws cov kwv tij nyob hauv ib lub tsev me me, ob chav pw hauv plawv Hill cheeb tsam ntawm Pittsburgh, ua haujlwm zoo li tus poj niam tu kom zaub mov rau saum rooj.
Thaum lub Vas thib Wilson yog ib tug tub hluas, nws niam tau sib yuav David Bedford thiab nws tsev neeg tau tsiv mus rau Hazelwood, ib qho chaw ua hauj lwm dawb huv chav ua hauj lwm. Muaj thiab nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv, Lub yim hli ntuj thiab nws tsev neeg ntsib teeb meem thiab kev ntxub ntxaug lwm haiv neeg. Tom qab dhau los ntawm ntau lub tsev kawm theem siab, suav nrog ib xyoo hauv Pittsburgh Central Catholic High School, lub yim hli ntuj Wilson xaus tag nrho tsev kawm ntawv ua ke, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 15 xyoo, tig mus rau kev kawm ntawm Carnegie Library.
Cov Muaj Hnub Nyoog:
Tom qab nws txiv tuag hauv xyoo 1965, Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj Wilson tau hloov nws lub npe kom hwm nws niam. Xyoo ntawd, nws tau muab nws lub npe ntaus thawj thiab pib sau paj huam. Tuaj mus rau theatre thiab kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm kev ywj pheej, nyob rau xyoo 1968 Lub Ob Hlis Ntuj Wilson tau tsim lub Dub Horizons Theatre hauv Hill Hill ntawm Pittsburgh nrog nws tus phooj ywg, Rob Penny.
Thaum nws ua haujlwm tsis txaus siab, nws qhov kev ua si thib peb, "Ma Rainey's Black Bottom" (1982), hais txog ib pab pawg neeg dub dub tawm tswv yim txog lawv cov kev paub txog kev ntxub ntxaug ntawm Asmesliskas, yeej tau ua tiav Auguston Wilson dav dav thiab txhais lus rau African Asmeskas kev paub.
Txiaj Ntsim & Kev Lees Paub:
August Wilson cov yeeb yam tau ua rau nws paub tias Amelikas yog tus neeg ua yeeb yam tshaj plaws thiab nws tau txais ntau yam khoom plig, nrog lawv Tony Award (1985), New York Drama Critics Circle Award (1985) thiab Pulitzer Prize for drama (1990). Virginia Theatre hauv Broadway hauv NYC yog lub npe hu ua Lub Yim Hli Ntuj Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj nyob rau xyoo 2005, thiab African American Cultural Center ntawm Greater Pittsburgh tau hloov dua tshiab rau Lub Kaum Hli Wilson Center rau Neeg Asmeskas Dub Lub Zeem Hauv xyoo 2006.
Pittsburgh Cycle of Plays:
Hauv 10 cov yeeb yam tawm, txhua daim ntawv npog ntawm xyoo pua 20th, Lub Plaub Hlis Wilson tau tshawb txog lub neej, kev npau suav, kev kov yeej thiab kev txom nyem ntawm African-American keeb kwm thiab kev coj noj coj ua. Ntau zaus hu ua "Pittsburgh Cycle," tab sis tag nrho tab sis yog ib qho ntawm cov yeeb yam tau teev nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Hill cheeb tsam ntawm Pittsburgh thaum Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj Wilson loj hlob.
Lub yim hli ntuj Wilson lub voj voog ntawm plays, nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim los ntawm lub xyoo caum uas kev ua si yog teeb tsa:
- "Lub pov haum ntawm dej hiav txwv," 1904
- "Joe Turner tus Tuaj thiab Ncaim," 1911
- "Los nag hauv qab dub," 1927
- "Piano Tshooj," 1936
- "Xya Guitars," 1948
- "Fences," 1957-58 thiab 1963
- "Ob lub tsheb ciav hlau," 1969
- "Jitney," xyoo 1977
- "King Hedley, II," 1985
- "Xov Tooj Cua," 1997
Lub yim hli ntuj Wilson tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm African American artist, Romare Bearden. "Thaum kuv [Lub Yim Hli Ntuj Wilson] tau pom nws txoj hauj lwm, nws yog thawj zaug uas kuv tau pom lub neej dub nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov kev nplua nuj, thiab kuv tau hais tias, 'Kuv xav ua li ntawd - kuv xav kom kuv ua tau kom sib npaug ntawm nws canvases. '"